Kirk-Davidoff and his UMD colleague, Daniel Barrie, used a global general circulation model of the atmosphere (similar to the models used to predict climate change) to calculate the effects of blanketing the Midwest with a grid of interconnected wind farms with thousands of wind turbines. On average, the study found that wind speeds were lowered by 5.5-6.7 miles per hour immediately downwind. More significantly, the wind turbines caused large-scale disruptions of air currents, which rippled out like waves that appeared to trigger substantial changes in the development and track of storms over the North Atlantic.Given that "the areal coverage and density of wind turbines in the study are admittedly unrealistic," I'm going to file this away under problems to deal with once they appear in real life.
Can Wind Farms Change the Weather?
Apparently the answer is yes, in theory, if they are sufficiently massive:
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